Rhetoric Is The Medium Essays - Marshall McLuhan, Media Studies

Talk Is The Medium Marshall McLuhan was a Canadian interchanges scholar and instructor. He instructed in Canada and the U.S. He picked up notoriety during the 1960s with his suggestion that the electric media impacted the individuals than the data itself. This man who analyzed the electronic media, and the development of a Global town, was additionally the man who consumed a large portion of his time on earth contemplating the intensity of talk comparable to those thoughts. Herbert Marshall McLuhan was conceived on July 21, 1911. He is a figure in twentieth century history that has affected the brains of many. His work incorporated the possibility of the world making a worldwide town where we are returning to our inborn faculties, the ones that the print machine shortened us from. Marshall McLuhan's investigations incorporated his groupings of the media into hot and cool divisions, where the mechanism of correspondence has distinctive sort of collaborations with its crowd. He suggested that the mode of correspondence negatively affected society, and said that we should be cautious with the new innovations that the world has thought of. Our lives have originated from ancestral social orders, and afterward changed into social orders where sight was a higher priority than verbal capacities. We are, notwithstanding, bit by bit returning inborn beliefs with the development of new media. McLuhan has characterized presence into four times. His first period, the Pre-Literate Tribal Society was an eye to eye (address 4/14) mechanism of correspondence. There was a more prominent equalization of the faculties, and on the grounds that there was no phonetic letters in order, an accentuation was put on hearing and discourse. This general public required progressively nearby types of correspondence, which were unconstrained and capricious. This was on the grounds that the mode of those types of correspondence had nothing recorded. There was no keeping a predictable type of understanding if the medium was continually evolving. McLuhan accepted this inborn condition of life to be the ordinary human condition With the advancement of the phonetic letter set and recorded manuals, McLuhan built up another phase for the world, the Manuscript period. As indicated by McLuhan just a couple approached original copies, yet an ever increasing number of individuals were learning the letters in order, and the mode of correspondence was changing from ear to eye. As one sense picks up matchless quality, the other is de-accentuated. The advancement of the print machine lead the world into another time. This time, The Gutenberg Galaxy was where the eye essentially cut the various faculties off. McLuhan expresses, ?the Western world has gotten committed to a visual direction of the real world. (Marchand 155.) Principles of talk were de-accentuated in this time. Talk depends on discourse and hearing to express what is on its mind. As those faculties vanish, so does the estimation of talk, and McLuhan was profoundly worried about this. McLuhan portrays his anxiety in his, A McLuhan Mosaic, as a ?change [that] creates incredible agony and character misfortune, which can be enhanced distinctly through a cognizant attention to its elements. On the off chance that we comprehend the progressive change brought about by new media, we can envision and control them; yet in the event that we proceed in our self-initiating subconscious daze, we will be their slaves. (Sanderson and Macdonald 1). McLuhan built up his Masters theory about the investigation of talk and was interested with the subject. In spite of the fact that most of his life was spent attempting to persuade the universe of the changing media of society, he was additionally entranced with this effect on talk. The development of the Gutenberg Galaxy stressed a gathering framework in light of the fact that the print machine had loosened the individuals, rationale was an aftereffect of this. He says that since individuals presently had the capacity to peruse at relaxation, and examining lines of print influenced manners of thinking. Individuals don't really understand papers. They step into them each morning like a sweltering shower. (http://www.mcluhanmedia.com/index.html). McLuhan likewise accepted that countries couldn't exist until this time. Print adjusted a feeling of consistency and independence. Independence since books gave sentiments of security and feeling that helped structure a sense a self. Consistency since countries could get thoughts across to its residents, print permitted everybody to approach materials of world and national issues. The Electronic Era changed this world framework totally. The real message of thought

Count Raymond of Toulouse - Crusader

Tally Raymond of Toulouse - Crusader Raymond of Toulouse was otherwise called: Raymond of Saint-Gilles, Raimond de Saint-Gilles, Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, Raymond I of Tripoli, marquis of Provence; likewise spelled Raymund Raymond of Toulouse was known for: Being the principal aristocrat to take the cross and lead a military in the First Crusade. Raymond was a significant pioneer of the Crusades armed forces, and took an interest in the catch of Antioch and Jerusalem. Occupations: CrusaderMilitary Leader Spots of Residence and Influence: FranceThe Latin East Significant Dates: Conceived: c. 1041Antioch caught: June 3, 1098Jerusalem caught: July 15, 1099Died: Feb. 28, 1105 About Raymond of Toulouse: Raymond was conceived in Toulouse, France, in 1041 or 1042. After taking the countship, he started to reassemble his tribal terrains, which had been lost to different families. Following 30 years he developed a noteworthy force base in southern France, where he controlled 13 provinces. This made him more remarkable than the ruler. A sincere Christian, Raymond was a lifelong fan of the ecclesiastical change that Pope Gregory VII had started and that Urban II proceeded. He is accepted to have battled in the Reconquista in Spain, and may have gone on a journey to Jerusalem. At the point when Pope Urban made his call for Crusade in 1095, Raymond was the main chief to take up the cross. Effectively past 50 and thought about older, the tally left the terrains hed so painstakingly combined in the hands of his child and resolved to go on a risky excursion to the Holy Land alongside his significant other. In the Holy Land, Raymond end up being one of the best chiefs of the First Crusade. He helped catch Antioch, at that point drove the soldiers forward to Jerusalem, where he partook in a fruitful attack yet wouldn't become lord of the vanquished city. Afterward, Raymond caught Tripoli and worked close to the city the mansion of Mons Peregrinus (Mont-Pã ¨lerin). He kicked the bucket there in February, 1105. Raymond was feeling the loss of an eye; how he lost it stays a matter of guess. More Raymond of Toulouse Resources: Picture of Raymond of Toulouse Raymond of Toulouse in Print The connection beneath will take you to an online book shop, where you can discover more data about the book to assist you with getting it from your neighborhood library. This is given as a comfort to you; neither Melissa Snell nor About is liable for any buys you make through these links.â Raymond IV Count of Toulouseby John Hugh Hill and Laurita Lyttleton Hill Raymond of Toulouse on the Web Raymond IV, of Saint-GillesBrief bio at the Catholic EncyclopediaThe First CrusadeMedieval FranceChronological Index Geological Index File by Profession, Achievement, or Role in Society The content of this archive is copyright  ©2011-2016 Melissa Snell. You may download or print this record for individual or school use, as long as the URL underneath is incorporated. Authorization isâ notâ granted to imitate this record on another site. For distribution permission,â pleaseâ contact Melissa Snell. The URL for this report is:http://historymedren.about.com/od/rwho/p/who-raymond-of-toulouse.htm

Mercedes Promotional Strategy

Mercedes Promotional Strategy Mercedes C Promotional Strategy Home›Marketing Posts›Mercedes C Promotional Strategy Marketing PostsThe Mercedes- Benz from time immemorial has been the phenomenal automobile that depended on its brand to sale. Its models and unique manufacturing systems made it second to none in the motor industry. The global demand of the vehicle automatically led to generation of various models for the classy members of the society and the well to do individuals and also resulted to high purchase prices.The manufacturers could afford to produce a certain number but counter profit margin demands by raising the prices due to a certain market monopoly that this brand had created. The main marketing strategy was based on quality and customization to suit the unique needs of specific clients who were ready and able to meet the costs associated. However, over time, due to the upgrade of various manufacturers especially competition from the east (Japanese manufacturers), has made Mercedes- Benz fa ce a gradually changing market atmosphere. Therefore they were forced to change their marketing strategy to counter their low reliability in the current market, price wars, specific client complaints and reduction in market share by the invasion of equally quality vehicles like the Volkswagen Passat.The Passat is a German manufactured 4-door, 5-passenger family vehicle that is very posh (Volkswagen Passat Sedan Komfort, 2009). It comes both as a sedan and a station wagon. This has greatly contributed to the reduction of the Mercedes Benz market share because it meets most if not all the basic comforts and engine composition of the Mercedes Benz. The Mercedes Benz therefore came up with the C- Class model which attempts to basically breach the price Gap and enhances a sportier outlook. This model was aimed at bringing new customers to the manufacturing giants and also retaining a great percentage of them. It is bigger compared to the other Mercedes models and also comes in either the sports model or Luxury model to capture the most of available market. It is considerably cheaper and targets to attract first time clients.In conclusion, Mercedes Benz manufacturers had to come out of their comfort zone of depending on the Brand name to market in order to retain and stay relevant with the rise in motor vehicle technology by other manufacturers. They had to embrace direct combat type of competition which made them embrace open advertisement and even used models and musical icons like lady Gaga (pop artist) in promotional campaigns.

What Happerned to Forever The Consequences of Divorce in...

Most couples get married in hopes of their marriage lasting forever. Many couples recite vows to each other during the wedding ceremony in which they vow to love each other â€Å"in sickness and in health, for richer or poorer, until death do them part.† Unfortunately, statistics show that as many as 50% of couples seek to end their marriage through the process of divorce (â€Å"Children and Divorce†). Once a divorce has occurred, there can be negative consequences for the couple, any children that are involved, and society as a whole. No one gets married with the expectation that it will end in divorce and this leaves those involved wondering what happened to forever. Divorce is the legal termination of marriage between two people. There are many†¦show more content†¦For couples that have children, there are negative consequences that directly impact their children and their success. Children tend to have feelings of anger, sadness, and anxiety while exhibitin g behaviors such as changes in school performance, peer relationships, restlessness, and moodiness. In rare cases, some children have reacted with extreme behaviors such as substance abuse and suicide (Lebowitz 697). Children process events in their lives differently than the way adults process those same events. A child may feel angry when they find out that their parents are divorcing and they are unsure of what that will mean for their lives. The child likely has concerns over whether or not they will have to attend a new school, move to a new home, or experience changes in their parent’s financial resources (Lebowitz 697). Sadness is another normal felling that a child of divorce experiences. A child feels the loss of a parent as they have to have primary residence with one parent and hopefully secondary residence with the other parent. Sometimes, during the process of divorce a child loses contact with one parent all together. Anxiety is another feeling that is common fo r children to feel as their parents get divorced. Their anxiety is usually due to worrying about themselves, their parents, and their siblings (Lebowitz 697). Many of

Cross-Dressing in Shakespeares Twelfth Night and As You...

Cross-Dressing in Shakespeares Twelfth Night and As You Like It In Shakespeares plays Twelfth Night and As You Like It both of the lead female characters dress as men. Both plays are comedies and the change in gender is used as a joke, but I think it goes much deeper. A woman can become a man, but only if it is not permanent. The affect of the change cannot be too great because she must change back to female once everything is settled. They are strong female characters, but must become men to protect themselves and ultimately solve the problem of the play. In the book Desire and Anxiety: The Circulation of Sexuality in Shakespearian Drama Valerie Traub calls the characters, the crossed-dressed heroine who elicits and enjoys†¦show more content†¦In these lines Orsino implies that he can only be with his true love when she looks like a woman. She looks like a woman when she is in womans clothing. In these play the characters are able to change from female to male by putting on different clothes. The women are treated differently when the y are dressed as men. This brings about the conclusion that clothes define gender. Gender is not about who you are, it is what you look like and how other perceive you. To prove her gender Viola must change into womens clothing. She also must go back to her correct female role and abandon the new male attitude she took on. When Rosalind removes her disguise she also gives up the strength it symbolizes (Erikson 23). Her soon to be husband Orsino will not accept her in her male attire. He says to her Give me thy hand/ And let me see thee in thy womans weeds (5.1.265-266). He can only know for sure that Viola is female if she is correctly dressed. In As You Like It Orlando recognizes his true love only after she changes into her womanly clothes. If there be truth in sight, you are my Rosalind (5.4.108). In both plays the women trick people who are very close to them into believing not only that they are men, but not even recognizing. Orlando speaks to Ganymede, Rosalind male persona, without noticing the resemblance to his love. How can people claim to be so in love and then mistake them with different clothes on? This is an obviousShow MoreRelatedOthello, By William Shakespeare1543 Words   |  7 Pagesemotions out. Similarly, Shakespeare utilizes the theme of disguise in countless plays, specifically in As you like it and Twelfth Night. Although many may postulate that he has disguised certain characters as the opposite gender solely for comedic purposes, the reason behind it is significantly deeper and complex. By disguising the actors as the opposite gender, also known as cross-dressing, Shakespeare introduces incipient views on femininity and sexuality, views that were unmentionable in the ElizabethanRead MoreGender Ambiguity : Boys Should Be Girls Will Be Boys And Twelfth Night Essay1649 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Boys will be girls will be boys† This statement refers to the theme of gender within Shakespeare’s comedies and it is portra yed significantly in both As You Like It and Twelfth Night. Gender is a major theme in the work of Shakespeare which is an issue which has had a significant impact on the criticism attracted to his work for many of his plays, led by feminists in particular. In each of the two plays there is gender ambiguity, mistaken identities and gender blurring as Shakespeare deals withRead MoreEssay about Comparing Shakespeare’s Women in Disguise2920 Words   |  12 Pagesplays as well. For early modern England at this time, cross-dressing was looked at as a dramaturgical motif, a theatrical practice, and a social phenomenon. â€Å"In Shakespeare’s day, a cross-dressed heroine, like any female character also involved a gender switch in the world of the playhouse, for women’s roles were normally assigned to young male apprentices called play-boys† (Shapiro, 1). In each of Shakespeare’s five plays involving a cross-dressing heroine, he tried something different. He cleverlyRead MoreElizabethan Poetry Analysis1292 Words   |  6 Pagesthese different views of women as seen in Shakespeare’s â€Å"Sonnet 130† and his drama, the Twelfth Night, or What You Will. To begin, I want to provide a brief summary of each literary work I will be discussing. Shakespeare’s â€Å"Sonnet 130† is a poem where the speaker describes his mistress and how she does not meet any of society’s beauty standards that are common in other love novels. Regardless of that, the speaker still loves her. Similarly, the Twelfth Night is a drama that falls under the categoryRead MoreTwelfth Night Love Essay1610 Words   |  7 Pageshas written a number of romantic comedies. Twelfth Night is one of the finest comedies of the author. Shakespeare is driven by Viola’s decision to voluntarily conceal her identity and go to work as a servant for the lovesick Orsino.This disguise and gender confusion are there in the beginning of the play and finishes with happy ending. This paper tries to ascertain how Viola in Twelfth Night perform her disguise and become an ideal woman of Shakespeare’s own concept. There may be many reasons whyRead More Cros s-dressing in Twelfth Night, As You Like It, and The Merchant of Venice3276 Words   |  14 PagesCross-dressing in Twelfth Night, As You Like It, and The Merchant of Venice Any theatrical performance requires a two-fold exchange. The performers must act in such a way as to engage the audience and draw them into the story of the stage. However, the audience itself must yield to the imagination, allowing at times the irrational to take precedent over rational expectations. This exchange between performers and audience creates the dramatic experience; one cannot exist without the otherRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Volpone And Twelfth Night2004 Words   |  9 Pages In Volpone and Twelfth Night both Shakespeare and Jonson use disguise to make the audience laugh, but also to explore more serious themes. Such as gender issues within Shakespeare and Jonson with exploring greed and how it can destroy you. The playwrights make the audience laugh by using a range of different methods such as interaction with the audience throughout the plays. The writers’ purposes right at the beginning are to explore the theme of greed through humour, and explore the roles peopleRead MoreThe Twelfth Night By William Shakespeare1167 Words   |  5 Pages Within Shakespeare’s plays, there are many ways in which characters play with gender stereotypes. Through changes to appearance and personality, characters disguise themselves to fit in with the opposite gender. Cross-dressing suggests that because the characters are female, they do not have the appropriate power they need for the situations they find themselves in, and when they achieve that power, they are still female and still manage to fulfill their goals. So, for a woman to have power doesRead MoreTwelfth Night And Queen Elizabeth Lends1334 Words   |  6 Pagestop, and the husband’s patriarchal role as governor of his family and household... the family was seen as the secure foundation of society and the patriarch’s role as analogous to that of God in the universe and in the king in state.† The text Twelfth Night and Queen Elizabeth lends itself to the theme of gender and sexuality and presents its message as a challenge to the expectation of the s ociety at that time. Because it goes against societal views of gender through androgyny, it is presented asRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night1967 Words   |  8 Pages William Shakespeare’s â€Å"Twelfth Night† or â€Å"What You Will† was written around 1601-1602 with the primary performance being in February 1602. It is known to be a high point of Shakespearian comedy as it is one of Shakespeare’s finest works. Twelfth night was written to commemorate the close of the Christmas season being possibly one of the first ever holiday specials, kind of like the Middle Ages version of â€Å"Love Actually†. The play centres on the twins Viola and Sebastian, who are separated during

Qualities of Servant Leadership Free Essays

string(42) " discuss some of his qualities – 1\." QUALITIES OF SERVANT LEADERSHIP (From the life of Nehemiah) If we look around the world today people are crying for leaders who will be able to bring changes for the betterment of society, community, organizations, and nations. This has been true in the secular world and Christian organizations throughout history. Today, specifically talking about Christians, we know that different churches and Christian organizations are in need of good godly leaders, and this has been one of the greatest needs since the beginning of the Church. We will write a custom essay sample on Qualities of Servant Leadership or any similar topic only for you Order Now So we know that leaders are vitally important for the well-being and growth of the Church. Leaders play an important role in churches and societies, yet their responsibilities are not easy at all. Throughout history we can see that leaders have played an important part in leading, guiding, encouraging, and leaving a heritage for the generations to come. Many leaders fail to do the task they were responsible to perform, and some perform with flying colors but last for only a short time. But no matter how good a leader is, he does not stay forever. So, the most important thing a leader can do is leave a heritage for the generations to come and glorify God in all he does. Good leaders will always leave godly footprints which will guide future generations in the way they should go. If one were going to talk about good leaders in the Bible, Nehemiah would be a prominent one. There are not many leaders like Nehemiah who completed the task of leadership successfully. Many leaders in the Bible are known as good ones, but they failed at certain points in their live. However, the Bible has no record of failure for Nehemiah. So in this paper, my intention is to present qualities that made Nehemiah a great leader. It is my prayer that we will be encouraged and learn something from the life of Nehemiah. I hope we will truly be applying these principles in our lives and be challenged and transformed. I believe we will be effective servant leaders if we prepare our hearts to do God’s work as Nehemiah did. Background History of Nehemiah To talk about Nehemiah it would be good to begin with his historical background and a brief history of the Israelites so that we can better understand him. Nehemiah was the son of Hachaliah. He was born of Jewish parents in exile. His name â€Å"Nehem-Yah† means â€Å"the comfort of Jehovah. From this it is possible to assume that Nehemiah’s home was a godly one. (Jensen, 46) He also had a brother Hanani (Neh. 1:2) Looking back on the history of Israel, we know that after King Solomon reigned in Israel, the nation split into two kingdoms in 931 B. C. – the northern kingdom (Israel) and the southern kingdom (Judah). After that there were no good kings in Israel, but in Judah there were a few partially good kings. Kings like Asa, Jehoshaphat, and a few others followed God’s will for some time; but they did not continue to follow God fully and wholeheartedly. So they failed at some time in their lives. Josiah was the only good king without blame that Judah had after Israel became two kingdoms (2 Kings 22:2). Due to their wickedness God punished Israel and Judah. The two kingdoms were taken into captivity several times. The Northern Kingdom fell first, and the people were taken into captivity by the Assyrians in 772 B. C. After a few years, the southern kingdom was conquered by the Babylonians, and they were taken into captivity in 586 B. C. After forty-eight years in captivity, in 538 B. C. , the Israelites first returned to Judah from captivity under the leadership of Zerubbabel (Ezra 1:1-2:2). The second return was in 458 B. C. led by Ezra (Ezra 7:1-10). In 444 B. C. Nehemiah returned to Judah, and God used him to guide Judah in rebuilding the city walls and reordering the people’s social and economic lives (Zuck, 673). So there is a possibility that Nehemiah’s great-grandparents were taken into captivity in 586 B. C. when Jerusalem fell into Babylonian hands. This tells us that Nehemiah was born in Persia. Dr. Knoblet says, â€Å"Nehemiah was probably born in Persia around Susa sometime during or soon after Zerubbabel’s ministry in Jerusalem. (Knoblet, 19) Apart from all this information Nehemiah’s genealogy is not known. Nehemiah was just a mere man; but he left his mark on history because he was an available man. (Stewart, 22) We don’t know how a Jewish born, son of a slave become a palace servant; but we do know that Nehemiah was the king’s cup bearer while he was in Susa. (Neh 1:11). When Artaxerxes, the king of Persia gave p ermission to Nehemiah to return to Judah with his people and rebuild the wall, Nehemiah returned to Judah and served as the governor of Judah and led his people in rebuilding the city wall. Though there are different views on the chronology of the years of Nehemiah’s service as governor, it is probable that he was in Jerusalem for twelve years (444-432 B. C. ), went to Susa for two years (432-430 B. C. ), and returned. (Knoblet, 129) If we are going to find a man in the Bible who shows us what true leadership is really all about, it is no doubt Nehemiah. (Knoblet, 150) Now, the question is – What made him a great leader? Why was he so effective in his ministry? Let us discuss the qualities that made Nehemiah a great leader. Qualities of Nehemiah Without spirituality one cannot be a good leader. Jenses says, â€Å"Nehemiah was not a priest, scribe, prophet, rabbi, theologian or pastor. As a public official his vocation was secular, not religious. And yet, he clearly demonstrated in his service that spirituality is for the secular as well as for the religious vocation. † (Jensen, 64) So, what makes Nehemiah a good and effective leader must obviously be his spiritual walk with God. Let us discuss some of his qualities – 1. You read "Qualities of Servant Leadership" in category "Essay examples" A Man who Feared God: Nehemiah’s qualities of leadership are all tied to his fear of God. It would not be possible for him to do what he did without the fear of God. When Nehemiah returned to Judah he found the Jews were going through hard times. Talking about the condition of the Jews in Judah, George and Syme said, â€Å"There had been drought, poor crops and recession. But people had to eat, and taxes inexorably fell due. Many were so heavily in debt that, having no more property to mortgage, they were reduced to selling their children into slavery. † (George and Syme, 92) All these things happened due to the corrupt practices of the leaders and moneylenders; but Nehemiah, unlike the other leaders, stayed pure. So, it is evident that when Nehemiah was the Governor of Judah, he did not practice any corruption because he feared God. (Neh. 5: 15) Not only in reference to corruption, but in everything Nehemiah feared the Lord; and as a result, he lived a life which was pleasing to the Lord. His fear of God gave him boldness for he knew God was happy with his life. So, when Shemiah told Nehemiah to meet him in the house of God, intending to kill him, Nehemiah was not scared because he knew that God was with him. Seume comments on Nehemiah’s boldness by saying, â€Å"He feared man little because he feared God much. (Seume, 71) That’s the secret of his success in his leadership. 2. A who Knew God’s Word: Though Nehemiah was born and brought up in the land of captivity, it is evident that he read and learned God’s Word and knew God’s promises for his people. This is evident because he quotes the book of Leviticus, Deuteronomy, and Exodus in Nehemiah 1: 8-11. It w ould not be possible for Nehemiah to enquire about his brethren in Judah from Hanani who returned from Judah, if he was not aware of God’s promise for His people. 3. A Man of Right Burden: When Nehemiah heard that the survivors who were left from the captivity in the province were there in great distress and the wall of Jerusalem was also broken down, and its gates were burned with fire, he was burdened by it. (Neh. 1:3) This was the right burden because he knew God’s promises for the Israelites. But what he heard was the opposite of what God had intended for the Israelites. Since Nehemiah knew God’s promises for the Jews he was burdened because the Israelites were in distress and Jerusalem wall was broken. He was so burdened that the king Artaxerxes could see it in his face. Neh. 2: 2) He wanted to rebuild the wall and point his people back to God’s promises and commandments. That’s the right burden because it is God’s burden. It is not possible to have the right burden without knowing the Almighty God and His promises. If Nehemiah’s burden was not right he could have just enquired and been emotionally s ad but never acted upon it to put things back in order. What a leader was by having a burden about God’s work! 4. A Man of Prayer: When Nehemiah heard about the situation of Jerusalem and the Jews in Judah, he prayed to God. (Neh. :5-11) He interceded for his people and begged God’s forgiveness for himself and his people. Paul N. Benware says, â€Å"Nehemiah spent about four months in prayer. He confessed the sins of Israel and prayed for the favor of king Artaxerxes. † (Benware, 152) This makes it clear that before Nehemiah did something he saught God’s will first. 5. A Man of Patience: After Nehemiah heard about the reproach and distress of the Jews and the broken down wall of Jerusalem, he prayed to God and wept. (Neh. 1: 3-4) He also prayed to God so that the king would have mercy on him and llow him to go to rebuild the city wall. (Neh. 1: 11) But four months passed, and Nehemiah was patient to wait for God’s time. Wiersbe comments on Nehemiah ’s patience saying, â€Å"†¦Nehemiah patiently waited on the Lord for directions; because it is through faith and patience that we inherit the promise (Heb. 6:12). He that believeth shall not make haste. (Isa. 28:16). True faith in God brings a calmness to the heart that keeps us from rushing about and trying to do in our own strength what only God can do. We must know not only how to weep and pray, but also how to wait and pray. (Wiersbe, 638) 6. A Man of Action and Example: Nehemiah not only interceded for himself and his people, he prayed to God that he would find favor in the sight of the king. (Neh1: 11b) Moreover, he boldly told his burden to the king and asked his favor to go to Judah to do the business of the Lord. (Neh 2: 3-8) God never fails those who seek His will and do His work. It is because of God’s work that Nehemiah found favor in the sight of the king. (Neh. 2: 8b) As a leader Nehemiah did not just give commands, but he associated himself with h is people, and he took part in rebuilding the wall. Neh. 4:21-23) Moreover, he did not depend on people, but he used his own things for his business. (Neh. 5: 15-16) It is because of his actions that he was respected as a leader. He guided and led his people by setting an example. He put into practice what he said. 7. A Man of Careful Planning: As a leader Nehemiah studied the problems before he did the work. He was careful to select a few men along side of him, and they enquired about the walls and gates at night and told no one before they knew what needed to be done. Neh 2: 12-16) Before Nehemiah began the work, he already had an inspection of the place and knew what the situation was and what needed to be done. (McGee, 86) Secret goals and plans are what leaders should have in any ministry. Also, be careful not to make the secret too concealed that no one will know anything about it and it will bring no fruit at all. Nehemiah carefully handled this. Though he had a secret, he kn ew when and what to share about his secret plan. In the right time he revealed enough things to his people so that they would get to work and be able to achieve the set goals. Neh. 2: 16) Commenting on Nehemiah’s secret plans Swindoll says that before Nehemiah began his work, he did not say anything about his plans for three days. (Swindoll, 49) This shows that Nehemiah kept secrets when he planned, and after he carefully studied and made an architectural plan of the way to achieve the goals, he shared the plans with his people. That showed his incredible ability to balance things at the right time and in the right place. 8. A who Motivates: After Nehemiah studied the problems and had a plan, he motivated his people to build the wall of Jerusalem. It is because of his preparation that he knew what to say and the people understand his intention. So, without any hesitation all the Israelites followed his leadership. (Neh. 2: 18b) The source of his motivation was in the Lord. Nehemiah trusted the Lord in all things. He had seen many things that the Lord had done for Israel and he believed that the Lord would continue to do so. In motivating his people Nehemiah said, â€Å"Remember the Lord, who is great and awesome! † (Neh. 4: 14) By saying this Nehemiah meant to say that, â€Å"God helped us before and He’ll help us again! He is our covenant God! That’s why I’m here! That’s why the wall is half up! He is great! He is awesome! Let’s continue to trust Him! Let’s not give up now! † (Getz, 81) What an encouragement for the Israelites, having such a leader who motivated in the right way! 9. A Who knows well his People: When the time came to rebuild the wall of Jerusalem, Nehemiah appointed leaders in different areas; and they began the work. Looking at the work strategy, it is evident that Nehemiah knew his people’s ability, talents, and strengths. (Neh. 3) This is an extraordinary ability of Nehemiah. As a leader it is important to know well the people that we serve. This also tells us that Nehemiah was good in building relationship because it would not be possible to know people well without knowing them well. 10. A Man who is ready to face Challenges: As rebuilding of the wall began there was opposition from enemies. Nehemiah was not afraid of them, and he was not discouraged. In the midst of challenges Nehemiah prayed to God and was ready to defend. (Neh. 4: 9) But that was not the end for him. It is important to pray, but it was not the only thing they needed. To have prayed only would have been presumption and to have watched only would have indicated a lack of faith. Campbell, 39) Nehemiah balanced it all, and he was ready for challenges that came along his way. 11. A Man who relies on God: When the Jews were opposed, Nehemiah turned to God and prayed to Him. Not only that, he directed his people to rely on God’s strength and readied to fight for the Lord. (Neh. 4: 14) Throughout the course of rebuilding the wall, opposition came. Bu t Nehemiah always prayed to God which tells us that he always relied on God for God’s work. Foullah says that, â€Å"as a godly leader, Nehemiah was dependent upon God from whom he received his personal support and encouragement, which motivated him enough to succeed. Foullah) What a leader, seeking God’s will and relying on God’s strength rather than self confidence! 12. A Man of Compassion and Justice: With the poverty situation among the Jews, there were richer people who did business with their fellow brothers. When the rich oppressed the poor in many unjust ways, there was an outcry of the poor against their own Jewish brethren, and Nehemiah acknowledged that. So, he assembled all his Jewish brethren and rebuked all those who treated others unjustly. (Neh. 5: 9) Nehemiah was bold to stand up for the poor and rebuke the sins of the rich because of his compassionate and just heart. His justice resulted in taking action against any sin immediately. Commenting on Nehemiah’s instant reaction with sin Kidner says, â€Å"Ever realistic, Nehemiah leaves no room for postponement or for second thoughts, and make sure that the promises are upgrade into oaths, properly sworn in the presence of the priests. † (Kidner, 97) Nehemiah was a leader who was impartial. He valued all people equally. 13. A Man of Generosity: Nehemiah not only spoke for the poor he also shared what he had with others. He fed one hundred and fifty Jews and rulers. Moreover there were others from the nations around them. So, Nehemiah prepared one ox and six sheep daily for them. Also, fowl, and once every ten days an abundance of all kinds of wine was prepared. (Neh. 5: 18) 14. A Man of Wisdom: When Nehemiah was invited by the enemy to meet in the house of the Lord to talk about business, Nehemiah sensed that he would be in trouble if he went there so he decided not to go. (Neh. 6) This is wisdom. Leaders should be sensitive of dangers and should deal with things carefully and wisely. That’s the wisdom Nehemiah had as a leader. 5. A Man who Respects others: Though Nehemiah was the governor of Judah and knew God’s Word, he had a high respect for Ezra the scribe and worked together with him. (Neh. 8: 1-9) Nehemiah did not ever rule his people as his property but allowed others to serve in different ways. Moreover, he also appointed many leaders in different ways. (Neh. 3) This makes it clear that Nehemiah highly respected others. Th is is a good attitude for leaders. 16. A Man who is bold for God: After Nehemiah returned from Jerusalem he found that Eliashib repared a room for Tobiah in the courts of the house of God. Nehemiah was angry and threw all the household goods of Tobiah out of the room and commanded the room to be cleansed. He also found out that the Levites had not been given their portions. So, Nehemiah gathered the leaders and commanded that portions for Levites should be brought to the house of the Lord. (Neh. 13: 1-13) Moreover, Nehemiah strongly forced the people to observe the Sabbath, and gave warning to those who broke the law. (Neh. 13: 21) He also contended with the Jews who married foreign women. Nehemiah cursed them, struck some of them, and pulled out their hair, and made them swear in God’s name that they should not allow their sons and daughters to intermarrying with foreigners. (Neh. 13: 25) It is evident that Nehemiah was bold for the things of the Lord. His actions would not be necessarily bad for that time period, in that culture and with the situations. If Nehemiah was bold enough to do that, it shows that he was right in doing what he did because no one was against what he did. As a leader, dealing with problems takes courage and Nehemiah did it successfully. Moreover, he cleansed every pagan thing and assigned duties to the priests and the Levites, each to his service. (Neh. 13: 30) 17. A Man with a Thankful Heart: After the wall was completed they dedicated it to the Lord. They celebrated the dedication with gladness, both with thanksgiving and singing. (Neh. 12: 27) Nehemiah brought the leaders of Judah up on the wall, and appointed two large thanksgiving choirs. (Neh. 12: 31) This shows that Nehemiah always remembered how he prayed to God from the very start, and now he came to God with a thankful heart because God allowed him to complete his project. The city was full of joy at the day of dedication. McIntire comments of Nehemiah’s joyful heart saying, â€Å"The fullness of the joy of Jerusalem is in the heart of Nehemiah, too. Speaking of the people upon the walls, he says, ‘So stood the two companies of them that gave thanks in the house of God, and I, and half of the rulers with me. ’ Jerusalem is a city of joy. Jerusalem is the city of the king. Jerusalem is the holy city. † (McIntire, 99-100) A godly leader will always remember God’s goodness and will worship God with a thankful heart. 18. A Man of Humility: In whatever he did Nehemiah did not seek fame or popularity. He did what he ought to do with humility. Talking about Nehemiah’s humility Maciariello says it well – Whatever his strengths or weaknesses of character, Nehemiah does not seek temporal rewards. Although, after completing the city wall, he leads remarkable religious and social reforms during his two terms as governor of Judah, his account ends with a simple request that God remember his deeds on behalf of the people: â€Å"Remember me, O my God, for good† (Neh 13:31). Nehemiah’s behavior exemplifies the Christ-exalting characteristics of leadership enumerated in this article (sincerity, tenacity, mood, scope, realm, and rewards). His example endures as proof of the wisdom of godly principles of leadership and management. (Maciariello, 8) What can we Learn from Nehemiah The story of Nehemiah gives us an extraordinary example of a servant-leader motivated and acting for God’s ends. It also provides an example of the use of godly means in the pursuit of excellence in leadership and management, and the focus upon achieving positive results. Looking at the footsteps Nehemiah left for the generation to come is incredible. What a great model of leadership he was! Today in the Christian and secular world, there are great things that need taken care of. How are we going to begin the process? I believe the only way to begin is to turn our hearts to the Lord as a leader, and motivate others to do so. It is so evident from Nehemiah’s life that without God nothing is possible. Man’s strength is fallible and weak in itself, but God is infallible, mighty, and powerful. So, leaders should trust God in everything. That’s what Nehemiah did! The leadership qualities of Nehemiah mentioned above are important for leaders in communities, Churches, and any Christian organization. The only way to begin is to fear the Lord and submit ourselves to Him. If we honestly take God seriously, I believe the other leadership qualities will be evident in our lives. The problem with leaders today in the secular and Christian world is the lack of the fear of God. We fail time and time again because we try to do things by our own strength. The Psalmist says it well in Psalm 127:1, â€Å"Except the LORD build the house, they labour in vain that build it: except the LORD keep the city, the watchman waketh but in vain. † Let us remember that God is the source of every good thing, and to make the world better we have to turn to the Lord. Leaders should seek God first for wisdom and understanding in all they do. I believe there will be a difference in community, society, churches and any ministry if God is the first and foremost priority that every leader seeks as Nehemiah did. Bibliography Benware, Paul N. Survey of the Old Testament. Chicago, Il: Moody, 1993. Campbell, Donald K. Nehemiah Man in Charge. Wheaton, Il: Victor, 1979. Foullah, Leopold A. â€Å"The Characteristics of Good Leadership. † Ezine Articles. Web. . Getz, Gene A. Nehemiah A Man of Prayer and Persistance. Ventura, CA: Regal, 1981. Jensen, Irving L. Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther. Chicago, Il: Moody, 1970. Kidner, Derek. Ezra, Nehemiah. Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity, 1979. Maciariello, Joseph. â€Å"Lessons in leadership and management from Nehemiah. † BNET, Oct. 2003. Web. . McGee, J. Vernon. Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther. Nashville. TN: Thomas Nelson, 1991. McIntire, Carl. The Wall of Jerusalem is Broken Down. Collingswood, NJ: Christian Beacon, 1954. Stewart, Paul A. Nehemiah the Involved Layman. Glendale, Ca: Gospel Light, 1974. Sueme, Richard H. Nehemiah God’s Builder. Chicago, Il: Moody, 1978. Swindoll, Charles R. Hand Me Another Brick. Nashville, TN: W Group, 1998. Syme, George S. Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther. Denver, CO: Accent-B/P Publications, 1981. Walvoord, John F. , and Roy B. Zuck. The Bible Knowledge Commentary: The Old Testament, Colorado Springs, Colorado: Victor, 1983. Wiersbe, Warren W. The Bible Exposition Commentary: Ole Testament History (Joshua-Esther). Colorado Springs, CO: Victor, 2003. Williamson, H. G. M. Israel In The Books of Chronicles. New York, NY: Cambridge UP, 1977. Knoblet, Jerry. Exile and Restoration. Bradley, WV: Appalachian Bible College, 2010. How to cite Qualities of Servant Leadership, Essay examples

Discipline In A Workplace How to Maintain it - Click to Get Solution

Question: Describe about fair disciplinary process, mplementation of the disciplinary processes and Case law that have identified appropriate practice principles. Answer: Introduction Discipline in a workplace can be defined by the way in which the supervisory personnel or the management of the organization takes measures to correct the behavioral deficiencies amongst the employees of the organization. The Virgin Atlantic Group is a group of airlines owned by Sir Richard Branson and the Singapore Airlines and it is based in London. The headquarters of the airline is situated in Crawley and West Sussex of England. This airline organization caters the service of taking their customers to and from 30 destinations which is quite huge. Fair disciplinary process According to ACSAS the handbook of discipline at work should include the disciplinary procedure model. It suggest that the procedures should precisely and clearly sates its main purposes such as not to use any unauthorized device in the system that may corrupt the system or breaching of rules and policies (Gov.uk, 2016). The principles and rules behind procedures should be clearly stated and according to that works needs to be followed. The disciplinary procedure suggest four stages that are oral warning to the employee, written warning to the employee, final written warning to the employee and faintly dismissal of the employee. The procedure should clearly explain the following: At any stage and at any time one can appeal depending on the nature and type of misconduct Dismissal would be applied for the first misconduct unless it is the gross miscount (Katcher and Snyder, 2007). The employee may be suspended if it is gross misconduct on full pay after the investigation The employee have the rights to appeal against the action taken on him at every stage and hop they make the appeal The organization should set performance standards and conduct reinforced by the company rules. The disciplinary procedures are used to solve the problems with the employees performance or conduct and should have separate guidelines or procedures to deal with the situation (Lim, 2014). The handbook of disciplinary process also states how to handle grievances and discipline at work. The principles that are included in the procedures are as follows: Procedures and rules should provide a framework for performance and behavior Grievances and discipline are about the people and not processes The aim of the employer is to improve and not to punish The process also states that conduct and capability should be treated separately and the employer should recognize the differences between them. There is a difference between warning an employee for his miscount and for his capability (Blanpain et al., 2009). The dismissal of an employee on the basis of his capability includes the following reasons: Loss or lack of required qualification for the job Lack of skill or ability Lack of capabilities because of the ill health Dismissal because of misconduct or breach of the procedures may include: Poor attendance Poor timekeeping The examples of gross misconduct are as follows: Theft Fighting, intimidating behavior consumption of tobacco and alcohol on duty Implementation of the disciplinary processes It can be possible that the disciplinary processes may upset people or even angry. If the employees become distressed or upset then allow then to regain their composure and capabilities before continuing their jobs. There can be serious issues if the employees become too stress because of the strict guidelines. The employees aim to settle most of the problems informally with their managers, this lead to the development of many issues at the work place (Cushway and Hallsworth, 2012). Therefore, it is important for the management to set the principles and rules as per the convenience of the employees within the organization. The cases of poor performance or misconduct should be guided with appropriate disciplinary procedures. Therefore, it will help an organization by improving an employees performance or conduct. There can conflicts between the employer and employees and these can solve by promoting and developing rules, procedures and framework for handling grievances and disciplinar y situations (Employee relations, 2007). The procedures should be clearly explained in written and should be specific. It is also important for the employees to understand the rules, procedures and guidelines. The conflicts can be handled if the rules are clear and setting standard of conduct. Case law that have identified appropriate practice principles The disciplinary procedure should include the elements that will help to deal with the disciplinary and grievances issues. The management of Patak a well renowned company in UK having wide range of products including Indian pickles, sauces, curry pastas and chutney. The management of the company run an open door policy and also focuses on addressing and solving employees concerns (Silva, 2010). The company has regular forums for the employees through which they communicate with the managers. Grievances and discipline is the area in which the management felt that it would benefit them through appropriate training. The human resource manager in 2003 decided to address the problems and took help from Acas. The main aim providing training is to ensure that all the mangers are consistent in adopting and implementing best practices by directing them through appropriate disciplinary procedures (Stewart, 2010). According to the past reports, managers were not disciplined and uncertain with t heir roles and objectives. Moreover, they were also not clear with their role and HR role in handling the situations. Therefore, trainings empower the managers with necessary skills and information. The advisers of Acas also agreed with the training program that was based on existing procedures and policy on grievances and discipline. The training program includes: Guiding towards positive path through setting expectations and standards within the organization Correct procedures to handle grievances and discipline situations Delegating the work and exercising their powers appropriately that gave a chance to them to put into good practice Guidelines on handling difficult or awkward situations and how to avoid personality clashes and conflicts. This helped managers to feel confident and positive about their abilities and handling grievances and discipline situations. One of the most important policies of the Virgin Atlantic is that of total quality management which aims at priding the customer with the best quality of service which will ensure that the company achieves customer satisfaction at each and every level. In order to successfully maintain Total Quality Management, the management needs to take into consideration the different aspects of the business like that of economics, design, customer service production, manufacturing, marketing and the main objectives of the organization (Balmforth, 2009). The main aim of the organization is to profit in its business by providing the best quality of services to its customers. This is the reason why the organization ensures that it is updated with the latest trends in the services offered by them and also takes regular feedbacks from the customers in order to understand the spaces where they can improve. Along with satisfying the customers, the management gives equal importance to giving job satisfa ction to its employees (Dickinson, 2009). Therefore one of the most important policies of the organization is to look after its employees and understand the problems or issues they are facing so that the employees can be provided with the best work environment (Virgin Atlantic managers check in for training, 2008). It is the employees who hold the image of the organization in from of the loyal as well as potential customers and thus keeping the employees satisfied contributes to improve the brand image of the organization. In order to maintain such a huge organization, it is necessary for the management to incorporate some rules and regulations which need to be followed by the employees as well as the management itself (Marquis and Huston, 2006). There are strict rules against gender discrimination and sexual harassment. The management would not tolerate a person harming any other individual under any circumstances and the person may even face legal charges. Each and every employee is given an elaborate description of the job that they are assigned so that there is no room of miscommunication or misunderstanding (Virgin Atlantic sets trend for Stortext's technical records solution, 2005). This ensures that an employee does not go out of bounds and follows the exact orders given by the manager. This aids in maintaining coordination during team work and as a result everything gets done in an efficient manner. If an employee still fails to maintain the rules of performing the job, a warning is given to that person to make him or her aware about the way in which they are doing things in a wrong manner. This helps the employee to fully understand the mistakes that is being made by him or her and thus they can amend them in the best way possible. Through the incorporation of the disciplinary actions, the management is able to maintain a proper discipline and are therefore able to provide their customers with the best services. The basic disciplines that need to be followed in this organization are as follows: Maintaining equality in judgment Equal opportunities need to be given to each and every member of the organization No discrimination can be done on the basis of ones gender, race, religion, color etc. Democratic leadership style is to be followed where the opinion and feedback of each member is equally respected Maintaining quality of service and never compromising on it (Virgin Atlantic to ID passengers in a heartbeat, 2014) Problems or issues faced by an employee need to be immediately brought to the notice of the manager The management has to fulfill its responsibility of monitoring the activities of the employees in a sincere manner A person guilty of sexual harassment has to undergo a lot of charges as it is strictly against the company ethics Ethical conduct always needs to be followed by each and every member of the organization. Therefore the general policies and rules that the management of the organization has for it seem to be quite justified as the management needs to maintain an order amongst the employees of such a big organization. All the different aspects of the company rules and regulations along with the disciplinary procedures that it has is in support of other standard HR policies and practices like that of Equal Opportunities and Diversity management policies (Virgin Atlantic Airways v. Zodiac Seats, 2014). In case of Equal opportunities, each and every member needs to be given equal amount and level of chances to state their opinion, to improve themselves. Being a part of the organization gives a common identity to each and every member and thus with this there is the space where they can be regarded as equal irrespective of the position owned by them (Sargeant, 2006). Conclusion Thus by taking into consideration the above discussions, it can clearly be understood that disciplinary rules and regulations are integral to the growth and development of an organization. The significance that even the simplest of policy or rule plays in the making of an efficient team and thereby an efficient organization can be realized without much effort. Recommendations As per the given case study, it is quite clear that both the HR and the employee have had a gap of communication between them which has led to such a messy situation. Any company or organization needs to have the basic policies that would ensure that there is a proper and transparent line of communication between the HR department and the employees. References Blanpain, R., Bromwich, W., Rymkevich, O., Spattini, S. and Aparicio Valdez, L. (2009).The modernization of labour law and industrial relations in a comparative perspective. Austin: Wolters Kluwer Law Business. Cushway, B. and Hallsworth, I. (2012).The employer's handbook 2012-13. London: Kogan Page. Employee relations. (2007). [Bradford, England]: Emerald. Gov.uk. (2016).Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) - GOV.UK. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/acas [Accessed 27 Mar. 2016]. Katcher, B. and Snyder, A. (2007).30 reasons employees hate their managers. New York: AMACOM, American Management Association. Lim, S. (2014). A Proposal for Domestic Implementation Policy of Next Generation ACAS System.The Journal of Korea Navigation Institute, 18(1), pp.1-6. Silva, S. (2010).Disciplinary procedure. Colombo: Stamford Lake Publication. Stewart, P. (2010).Employee relations. [Bingley, UK]: Emerald. Virgin Atlantic Airways v. Zodiac Seats. (2014).IIC, 45(3), pp.352-353. Balmforth, J. (2009).Virgin Atlantic. Hersham: Midland. Dickinson, P. (2009). Seizing the advantage (Virgin Atlantic strategy).Strategic Direction, 25(4). Marquis, B. and Huston, C. (2006).Leadership roles and management functions in nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Sargeant, M. (2006).Age discrimination in employment. Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Ashgate. Virgin Atlantic managers check in for training. (2008).Industrial and Commercial Training, 40(6). Virgin Atlantic sets trend for Stortext's technical records solution. (2005).Aircraft Eng Aerospace Tech, 77(1). Virgin Atlantic to ID passengers in a heartbeat. (2014).Biometric Technology Today, 2014(10), p.12.

Kate Chopin Essays (1449 words) - Fiction, Frdric Chopin

Kate Chopin Kate Chopin is an American writer of the late nineteenth century. She is known for her depictions of southern culture and of women's struggles for freedom. At this time in American history, women did not have a voice of their own and according to custom, they were to obey their father and husband. Generally, many women agreed to accept this customary way of life. Kate Chopin thought quite differently. The boldness Kate Chopin takes in portraying women in the late nineteenth century can be seen throughout The Awakening and other short stories. The following is an overview of her dramatic writing style. Elaine Showalter states, Chopin went boldly beyond the work of her precursors in writing about women's longing for sexual and personal emancipation. (170). Chopin said that she was not a feminist of a suffragist. She was not an activist and she never joined the women's suffrage movement or belonged to a female literary community. Chopin saw freedom as a matter of your won spirit or soul without constraints. She did not try to encourage the women's movement in her writing; rather, she wrote what she felt. In writing what she felt, Chopin came to believe that a true artist defied tradition and rejected respectable morality and the conventions and formulas to literary success. (Showalter 171). It could be said Chopin had a literary awakening. In the early stages of Chopin's career, she tried to follow the literary advice and examples of others of her time. These efforts proved to be worthless. Chopin translated Solitude, a story by Guy de Maupassant, in which Maupassant escaped from tradition and authorityhad entered into himself and looked out upon life though his own being and with his own eyes. (Seyested 701). Chopin did not want to imitate Maupassant; she just wanted to express herself in her writing the way he had done so in his. In The Awakening Chopin seems to tell her story through the main character Edna Pontellier. Her breaking away from the conventions of literary domesticity is shown through Edna breaking away from the conventional feminine roles of wife and mother (Showalter 170). Kate Chopin shows boldness by taking the main characters and having them completely change their views on life. Edna is a young woman who discovers that her pampered married life is not what she wants. So she rebels to find fulfillment for her psychological, social, and sexual drives. Edna is married to Leonce Pontellier. Leonce is Edna's older husband who expects his wife to obey the region's social conventions. He sees Edna as a piece of personal property (Chopin The Awakening 2). Chopin tells in the novel that Edna is fond of her husband, with no trace of passion or excessive and fictitious warmth (18). Edna married Leonce primarily to secure a fatherly protector who would not make too many domestic, emotional, and sexual demands on her. Edna also has no motherly attachment to her children. She was fond of her children in and uneven, impulsive way. When her children were away, she did not miss them except with an occasional intense longing (18). These feelings show that Edna was not the normal mother-woman of that time. The largest and most criticized step Chopin takes is in The Awakening. Edna is having many mixed feelings about herself and her sexuality. In the novel, Chopin allows Edna to have an affair. This affair is not out of love but out of the need for passion in Edna's life. When Edna's one true love leaves, this allows Edna to face her changing feelings. Her true love, Robert, returns but they both realize it is not ment to be and he leaves again. He explains his action by saying, I love you. Good-by, because I love you, (112). Much shock felt by the readers toward The Awakening and other stories by Chopin was the boldness she took in rejecting the conventions of other women's writing. In The Awakening, Edna Pontellier appears to reject the domestic empire of the mother and the sororal world of women's culture. (Showalter 178). Edna seems to go beyond the bonds of womanhood, she did not have a mother of daughter and refuses to go to her own sister's

Come and Dance with Me essays

Come and Dance with Me essays Essay Using Description and Narration A harmonious chant from 5,100 fans accompanied by a syncopated rhythm on the snare started what would be an evening I would never forget for the rest of my life. You could feel the energy of the crowd explode as Dave cheerfully sang into the microphone, Hope yall ready to have a good time. Immediately following, came a blistering three hour set of eclectic jazz fused rock, from the Dave Matthews Band. I had just turned 21 and was experimenting with many different things in my life. I was in my car, listening to music with my friend, Amy, and she popped in a live CD from Dave Matthews Band. I instantly was intrigued by this mixture of funk, jazz, rock. Amy exclaimed, Im going to go see these guys at SPAC (Saratoga Performing Arts Center) in August, do you want to come? A rush of exhilaration came over my face and a quick, Yes, was muttered out of my mouth. Amy has always been a very good friend of mine, but then again, I did have a bit of a crush on her, which made this trip even more exciting. Unbeknownst to be, the trip would prove to be a major turning point in my life. Well the day had finally come. It was a hot and muggy August afternoon as we made our way to Saratoga, NY. As we entered into the city, I was completely surrounded by the beauty that was Spa State Park. After spending time absorbing the scenery, Amy and I made our way into actual venue, which was completely breathtaking. Once there, we anxiously awaited the entrance of the band which everyone came to see. Finally, the band stepped out onto the stage. The first time I saw the band walk onto stage, shot an indescribable rush through my body. The crowd absolutely roared as the band began to play. The first song they played, Everyday, I recognized right away. This song had special meaning to me, and to hear it live ...

Issues about pedagogic design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Issues about pedagogic design - Essay Example Therefore, teacher is assumed to be the organizer rather than the main source of knowledge. After browsing Allwright and Hank (2009) â€Å"Method and the Learner†, I realized that my teaching style is similar to the teaching approach, design and procedure of socio-psychological approach to community language learning (CLL). CLL encourages the students to interact with one another to help them develop their ability to use a second language. Instead of leaving the leaving the learning and teaching process to the students, the second language teacher can also act as the teacher whereas the students are treated as learners. By showing the proper way of using a second language, teachers will be able to make the students apprehend the proper pronunciation of a word aside from making them learn the basic construction of grammar. My teaching style is closely related to Richards and Rodgers (2001) communicative language teaching in the sense that this approach and method in language te aching is focused on increasing the students’ communicative abilities. Increasing the students’ knowledge on second language is totally different from making them able to speak the language in public.

Do High-Stakes Assessments Improve Learning Essay

Do High-Stakes Assessments Improve Learning - Essay Example 5), of which high-stakes assessment was deemed crucial in improving student achievement and learning. However, various studies have revealed contradictory results regarding its effect on students’ academic performance. Do High-Stakes Assessments Improve Learning? One, therefore, contends that high-stakes assessment does not improve the overall achievement and learning of students. Proponents of high-stakes assessment argue that â€Å"when faced with large incentives and threatening punishments, administrators, teachers, and students, it is believed, will take schooling more seriously and work harder to obtain rewards and avoid humiliating punishments† (Nichols, Glass, & Berliner, 2005, p. 1). ... ssessments implemented in various educational institutions throughout the United States have apparently generated contradictory results (Nichols, Glass, & Berliner, 2005; Amrein & Berliner, 2002). The study conducted by Nichols, Glass, & Berliner (2005) revealed that â€Å"there is no convincing evidence that the pressure associated with high-stakes testing leads to any important benefits for students’ achievement† (p. iii). This finding was corroborated in the study made by Amrein & Berliner (2002) which disclosed that â€Å"there is inadequate evidence to support the proposition that high-stakes tests and high school graduation exams increase student achievement. The data presented in this study suggest that after the implementation of high-stakes tests, nothing much happens† (p. 57). A closer evaluation of the reasons why high stakes assessment do not seem to apparently improve learning since high-stakes assessment were reported to be closely linked to ‘ pressure’ that contributes to an apparent temporary or superficial increase in academic achievement ratings. As emphasized by Supovitz (2010), â€Å"high-stakes testing does motivate educators, but responses are often superficial. In the best cases, high-stakes testing has focused instruction toward important and developmentally appropriate literacy and numeracy skills—but at the expense of a narrower curricular experience for students and a steadier diet of test preparation activities in classrooms, particularly in low-performing schools, which are the targets of test-based accountability† (par. 10). This fact was supported by Nichols, Glass, & Berliner (2005) who indicated that â€Å"high-stakes testing pressure might produce effects only at the simplest level of the school curriculum: primary school arithmetic,

The Whole Language Or Phonics Approach

The Whole Language Or Phonics Approach Critically analyse and discuss the benefits and shortcomings in teaching reading through a phonics approach in comparison to a whole language methodology. What are your views about each approach? Support your arguments with references from related literature. Teaching students to read is a vital educational aim. Reading gives opportunities and opens up new worlds. Learning to read, will enable students gain new knowledge, enjoy texts, and do everyday life things. The phonics and the whole language approaches are two main methods to reading, a debate that still rages among educators, parents, and experts. Which approach to teaching reading works best? Whole language approach Teachers using the whole language approach are expected to provide rich environment texts for students combined with speaking, listening, reading and writing. This approach emphasise the meaning of texts over the sounds of letter and phonics instruction. Krammer and Holland found out that the whole language approach is considered a top down approach meaning the reader use his prior knowledge to interpret and construct his personal meaning of the text he is reading. In my opinion I think that this approach provides a better understanding of the text and a more interesting and creative approach to reading but it may come at the expense of accuracy and correctness. Phonics approach The phonics approach has five key elements to teaching. These are: Learning the letter sounds Learning letter formation Blending Identifying sounds in words Spelling the tricky words (Jolly Phonics: Lloyd, S.) Kelly believes that good phonic skills will help students become better readers. It provides a secure grasp of the essential sound and spelling patterns that words are composed of. There are 44 key phonemes in the English language. Some of these are single alphabet sounds such as s-a-t-p-i-n, but others may be combinations of letters like sh, ck or ie. (Kelly, 2009) Now, I will discuss the benefits and drawbacks in teaching reading through a phonics approach in comparison to a whole language methodology. Benefits in teaching reading through a phonics approach Using the phonics approach to reading helps the reader to build better the pronunciation and word recognition (Krammer and Holland). When an individual starts to pronounce words correctly, it also starts to build confidence to speak up more often (English for Life, 2008). Improved decoding success creates a secure reader. Facility and ease in identifying polysyllabic words, and in inferring their meanings from a knowledge of prefixes, suffixes, and roots, help students with comprehension (Chall, J. Popp, H.). Teaching phonics can help students develop the skills to read smoothly and accurately. When faced with a new word, a student will have an arsenal of tools with which to puzzle it out and call it by namerecognizing familiar letter combinations and accessing their recollection of similar words. Students who are secure in their ability to figure out unfamiliar words are more eager to read new and longer texts. (Matthews, 2010) Readers cannot rely only on the use of context and picture clues. Wiley Blevins stated that students need to have a repertoire of strategies to draw on to become skilled, fluent readers. Phonics approach helps with the spelling far more than the memorisation and guess work of the whole language approach (Krammer and Holland). A person will be able to pronounce and spell correctly when he hears words. For this reason, phonics will help him improve his reading and writing skills (English for Life, 2008). Drawbacks in teaching reading through a phonics approach Although the phonics approach might work for some students, it may not work equally well for others. This is due to diverse individual learning abilities. For example: Students with hearing challenges may find it difficult to connect sounds and letter groups. Students with dyslexia often reverse groups of letters, causing confusion with phonetic learning. Besides that, some children learn to read more easily using other methods. For instance, the whole language approach teaches children to recognise entire words, rather than individual sounds (Enne, V.). I agree with Krammer and Holland that when it comes to reading using the phonics approach a child may have difficulty understanding the full meaning of a text, due to the constant breaking down of words into parts. This will also bring boredom; children would not be able to enjoy the text contrary to the whole language approach. Fleury declares that phonics does not connect the children with literature, as the whole language approach does. The connection to literature helps to make reading more interesting. It is true that phonics helps children to sound out many different words but there are other words that do not follow simple phonetic rules. These words, called outlaw words, will still need to be memorised. Nearly 50 percent of all English words are outlaw words. (Available from: http://www.ehow.com/list_6856037_drawbacks-teaching-phonics_.html) Should you categorise students and push one teaching method? In my opinion I think that I balanced approach should be used in teaching reading. The National Reading Panel determined that phonics instruction is only one part of a complete reading program for beginning readers. Effective beginning reading programs should also emphasize reading fluency, vocabulary development, and text comprehension. (Available from: www.univo.edu.sv:8081/tesis/019961/019961_Cap2.pdf) In 1996, Honig, stated that a balanced approach is needed to teach reading. He described it as an approach that combines the language and literature-rich activities associated with whole language activities aimed at enhancing meaning, understanding, and the love of language with explicit teaching skills as needed to develop fluency associated with proficient readers. In the article Curriculum: Whole Language and Phonics: Can They Work Together? written by Cromwell, S. (1997) says that Supporters of the whole language approach think childrens literature, writing activities, and communication activities can be used across the curriculum to teach reading; backers of phonics instruction insist that a direct, sequential mode of teaching enables students to master reading in an organised way. There is an ongoing debate on which is the best way to teach a child how to read. Phonics helps children to pronounce better and recognise the words. It helps them far more than memory and guess work used in the whole language approach. Formulas learned in phonics can be applied repeatedly. On the other hand, using the whole language approach helps children to understand better different types of texts. It is much more interesting and creative to reading rather than the phonics approach. Whole language approach emphasises on meaning and comprehension. Children memorise large numbers of sight words and learn to read by reading. I do not have enough experience but I can speak from my 3 years of teaching practice. I believe that both approaches must be used hence using a balanced reading approach. Most children learn through an amalgamation of skills. Each method offers different strategies. One has to remove the idea of one size fits all and keep in mind that every child is different. There is no one best method to teach children. Educationworld.com says that Many combinations and permutations are necessary to provide an optimal learning environment for an entire class of readers A teacher must be careful when teaching reading keeping in mind the different abilities of his students and focusing on literature and fun. After all, it is the teacher who makes the difference in the learning process. I believe that a teacher should provide time to read to his students often, choral read with them and also give them time to read both alone and in pairs. I remember that when I used to teach phonics through word games, to year 2 students, it used to work. Students where learning by having fun. Spending only a brief time each day on phonics and doing no more than one worksheet daily I eliminated boredom. It is important to try other reading approaches for students who are not able to learn phonics easily. Through research, I found out that recorded books or story writing might help. I make it a point that in my classroom I have a library. Unfortunately I have been in some schools where school libraries are not available. Students who have social problems how can they be exposed to literacy? It is highly important to expose children to books. It is important to have books in classroom so that students can browse, read and discuss them. Krammer and Holland state that when using a balanced reading approach, a teacher should provide as much structure as possible and some step-by-step skill work, especially for analytic students, while emphasising literature and fun. Also, a teacher should provide sufficient tools for decoding words, using small amounts of direct instruction in phonics for auditory and analytic learners. Tape-recording phonics lessons will help students to work independently to improve their skills. Visual learners tend to benefit from the whole language approach while auditory learners rely more on phonics since they hear the sound of letters and identify words. A balanced reading approach will probably be most beneficial! Finally I conclude using a balanced approach to teach reading will probably be most beneficial. IAE (2003) discovered that both research and classroom practices support the use of a balanced approach in instruction. The motive for this is because reading depends on efficient word recognition and comprehension. I agree that therefore instruction should develop reading skills and strategies, as well as build on the learners knowledge through the use of authentic texts. (Bernhardt, 1991; Bernhardt, 2000; Hulstijn, 1991; Kamil, Mosenthal Pearson, 2000; Snow Burns Griffin, 1998)

Environmental factors affecting Nespresso in China Essay

The micro environment on the other hand comprises the industry and market.   Religion, education, ethnicity, education and language, age group, family, cross cultural differences. In 1978, the Chinese government introduced a birth control policy of one child per family. (Newsweek 2014) This in the long run will reduce both sales and labor availability for Companies especially foreign brands like nespresso. The business culture in china is based on strong family ties and cultural network. Guanxi is a Chinese business practice of favoring a family and close friends prior to doing business. This could be unfavorable to foreign businesses like nespresso and other western companies. LEGAL FACTORS. Foreign trade laws, land ownership laws, patent and trademark laws, piracy laws, lobbying laws. According to reports, foreign firms cannot and do not acquire land as all land remains the property of the Chinese government. However the lease system provides foreign firms and corporation access to land for about a period of 50years after which the lease can be renewed. There was a case of McDonalds in Beijing who were forced out of their property by the government during the contract period (China unique, 2013). This spells an unstable working environment for nespresso. ECONOMIC FACTORS Economic factors include, Unemployment rate, exchange rate, inflation, interest rate, consumer discretionary income, labor cost. Unemployment: According to the ministry of human resources and social security of the PRC, there has been a significant decrease in unemployment rate in China from 4. 10 in the last quarter of 2013 to 4 percent in the second quarter of 2013 (Trading economics, 2014). This will increase salaries and wages due to scarcity of labor as only few of the population are unemployed. Similarly, Chinas inflation rate as reported by National Bureau of Statistics of China was at 2. 50 percent in January 2014 (Bloomberg business week Jan. 2014). This has caused a reduction in unemployment and an increase in wages. This might mean an increase in sales for western brands like nespresso and luxurious brands. According to ban and company luxury goods purchases has slowed down by 7percent as Chinese shoppers now do their luxury shopping abroad (Ban and company 2013). This might not be too good for foreign companies in china but it shows how passionate Chinese are for luxury brands. Chinas GDP were recorded at 7. 7 percent (9. 4 trillion USD) in the fourth quarter of 2013. (Bloomberg business week Jan. 2014) The above information shows that China’s economic environment would promote and facilitate business activities. (Trading economies, 2014). Lower unemployment rate implies high purchasing power of customers. Inflation will affect nespresso because suppliers will demand more. High interest rate means high return on investment. The higher consumer’s discretionary income, the higher their purchasing power especially for premium products like the nespresso brand. POLITICAL FACTORS. Factors present in the political environment include Political Stability, government involvement, trade barriers (tariff and non-tariff) Political stability: The three decades of reform in china has led to both a political and social landscape. (China daily Feb 2014). China has a unique form of political risk which is a constant battle between the central government and local government over applicable laws. For Nespesso, this stability and a clear understanding of local law would guarantee a stable business environment in the long run. Government involvement: The purpose of this is to protect domestic firms. (Protectionism). Government may impose barriers (tariff and non-tariff) on imports or foreign investment in order to protect domestic industries and to reduce competition. Although china has continuously opened its market for foreign investors, it has also place restriction on some foreign businesses in certain industries. For instance the restriction on American producers of autos, beef and steel into its market. (Bloomberg news April 2013) TECHNOLOGY. Technology when applied to work makes it easier, quicker and sometimes more efficient. The level of technology. Technology is inputs that improves an organization’s output. Technological factors includes machinery, communication, internet penetration, transport and logistics, social infrastructure. Internet penetration and logistics. See question 2 THE MICRO ENVIRONMENT INDUSTRY ANALYSIS PORTER’S FIVE FORCES. Local suppliers include; Yunnan Zheng coffee co ltd, Baoshan Yatong coffee commercial co. ltd, Dehong Hogu coffee co ltd, Yunnan Changshengda investment co. ltd, Kunming Qianxi industry and trade co ltd, Acme Fate international ltd (Alibaba, 2014). This shows that the supplier power is low because there are so many suppliers in the industry. Power of buyers (customers): With over 14million people in shanghai and other major cities of china and the tea drinking tradition of the Chinese people, there tend to be a high buyer power amongst customers. Also, the quest for luxurious band amongst Chinese consumers tend to influence buying power Competitors: The level of competition in china is high not just for coffee consumption but also for other hot drinks. In terms of luxurious coffee key players include Starbucks, costa, McDonalds, 85 degrees, pacific coffee etc. research from Mintel has shown that there has been an increase in the number of cafes from 15,898 to 31,283 between 2007 and 2012. (China briefing, 2013). Threat of new entrants: With the existence of so many players in the coffee industry it can be concluded that there is high threat of new entrants because it may seem that coffee business in China is attractive. Analysts say there will be a continuous increase in the consumption of instant coffee. (Euro monitor international). Industry rivalry: Competition is intense in the coffee industry in china as key player continue to compete in different ways. According to reports, there is a continuous fight for market share, who has more coffee shops etc. As Starbucks plans to have 1500 stores in china, costa coffee has stated their intention to increase its number to 2500 by 2018. Nestle and Starbucks has been competing for dominance of china’s coffee market for the last decade. While nestle has focused on being a ubiquitous brand, Starbucks has targeted the upper middle class. (Context china) QUESTION TWO According to reports, China has 618million internet users. 80percent of this number are mobile internet users. (ZDnet, 2014). The outbreak of mobile internet users drove the number from 500million as at December 2013. With this number of internet users, a firm would have no problem carrying out online sales, advertising, or communicating with its customers. A report by adage confirms that Taoboa and Tmall, two of china’s largest e-commerce company broke their last year’s sales record via the internet. Therefore many firms are capitalizing on the power of the internet by doing series of online promotion. (Adage, 2013) Online retail sale according to Bloomberg, went up by 2percent last year (adage, 2013). The surging internet purchase indicates that Chinese consumers are moving away from bricks and mortar outlets for their shopping. Opportunities of online CRM and sales include; Wider reach. Using the internet, nespresso can keep up with a large number of its customers on a daily or weekly bases. Advertising. Nespresso can also use the internet to advertise its product to millions of customers at the same time. This could be cheaper to operate too. Segmenting purposes. The record of customers and their previous purchase can help nespresso in automatically segmenting it customers based on purchase history Feedback and adjustment. Customer feedbacks is very important as these information can be used in making services or products better. Despite the attractive and promising nature of using the internet, investors and firms should also consider the drawbacks of using the internet for sales and communication. The Chinese government recently just imposed a new law regarding e-Commerce in China. The law stipulates that real names registration of sellers on third party platforms, strict seven days return policy, and also online payment market place must safeguard user’s privacy. (Pac net services, 2014) Another report says the government is imposing a law where all consumer to consumer online trading would have to register for a business license and  also pay taxes (China daily, 2014) Legal system. There are different legal restriction and regulation from government and regulatory bodies. Payment environment: the cash payment culture of the Chinese creates difficulties for online shopping. International credit cards are not accepted in most online shops. There is unavailability of credit card payment in most transactional websites. The online payment system in china is still at an infant stage. Logistics network environment: there is a restriction on foreign investment of logistics companies. Limited choices of delivery therefore, much more time is spent on delivery (jitm, 2007). QUESTION THREE Despite the large number of internet users I personally would recommend that nespresso adopt another marketing strategy as it will be very harmful to assume that the nespresso club would work in the Chinese market. From careful observation of the forces at work in the Chinese market environment, I can say that there is high level of government protectionism and regulation on internet businesses (Ecommerce) that tends to favor Chinese owned firms and businesses. Report has it that not only were a lot of websites blocked in china, there were also a Chinese replacement. Sites blocked include Facebook, yahoo, google, twitter, YouTube etc. according to report, the British newspaper The Guardian along with The New York times and Bloomberg news has been blocked in china for over a year. Motives for this act remains unknown (Taipei Times, 2014). Nespresso’s use of the internet is limited as not so much can be achieved due to interference by the government therefore using the internet could hinder performance as there is too much interference from the government. Nespresso should adapt its marketing mix to overcome the current situation of internet insecurity so as to reduce reliance on the internet. Though the internet can be used to position the nespresso brand image in the minds of the consumers for sales, or advertising or customer relationship but it won’t be wise business decision to apply the nespresso club concept in China because the government can decide blacklist them just like the case of Facebook. Nespresso should create more awareness about its brand to the Chinese public especially the less educated ones explaining the difference between house coffee and the nespresso brand Lastly, since there is already a tea drinking tradition amongst the Chinese population, nespresso should consider a local adaptation which involves offering other kinds of hot drinks so as to have a variety of products for it ever growing tea drinking customers.

“London 1802” vs “Douglass” Essay Essay

Throughout the centuries, there have been an infinite amount of literary works written by a sea of authors that write a variety of genres. All of these works are precious in their own way, and even if their theme is similar to that of another, the author always ads a bit of his/her own flare in order to make said literary creation unique in some way. William Wordsworth’s â€Å"London 1802† and Paul Laurence Dunbar’s â€Å"Douglass†, although quite similar in form and sentence structure, do add their own flare through the use of specific details. Through the use of these devices, the speakers show their disgust for the evil deeds humans do and attempt to change them. Form is a very important aspect of literature. Both â€Å"London 1802† and â€Å"Douglass† are sonnets therefore hinting that the work will be very much a serious topic, which as the reader continues, is proven to be true. The rhyme scheme used in the first two quatrains is simila r in both sonnets. The last quatrain and couplet, however, are different in rhyme. In â€Å"Douglass†, the first quatrain is used to tell this person of the evil that is occurring in that time, and how even his wildest nightmares could never measure up to that is now being done whereas in the first quatrain written in â€Å"London 1802† is used to describe the place and what it is like at the time. In the second quatrain, the speaker believes as if he truly believes that the presence of this man to whom he writes could change the evil that is occurring. â€Å"Douglass† on the other hand, describes what the situation he is in is like. Although each speaker approaches this in a different manner, the ultimate goal of both is to shed light on the wrong doing of humans. Another device used by both speakers both similarly and differently is sentence structure. On both, the last six lines compose one sentence. This sentence in â€Å"Douglass† is used to ask for guidance and comfort from Fredrick Douglass however, this happens in the second sentence in the sonnet â€Å"London, 1802†. Dunbar’s purpose for making the last sentence about Douglass ability to â€Å"guide the shivering bark† ( Dunbar line 12) is to give the reader a sense of repulsion, like his own repulsion and therefore encouraging the reader to  change. The last sentence in Wordsworth’s poem, on the other hand, is used to praise John Milton. This leaves the reader with the impression that Milton was in fact a great man, and that we should strive in order to become more like the person. Even though they are written in different sentences, the fact that this is even mentioned at all suggests that man kind has become repulsive and although they are expressed in different manners, it is clear that the eventual goal of these speakers is to make the readers change. There are specific details used throughout both sonnets that, again, help to reveal the speaker’s ultimate purpose. First, the way the speakers begin both poems is completely different. Wordsworth commences in a tone of urgency and forcefulness by saying â€Å"Milton! thou shouldst be living at this hour:† (Wordsworth line 1). This makes the reader excited about reading the rest of the poem and also, adds interest to the work. Dunbar, however, takes a more meditative approach by saying â€Å"Ah, Douglass, we have fall‘n on evil days.† (Dunbar line 1). This, although not as exciting as the previous example, is also effective in grabbing attention because it leaves the reader wondering what it is that could be inspiring such deep thought while still, clearly stating his position. The speaker in this poem also says â€Å"Give us comfort through the lonely dark† (line 14). This line makes the reader believe that there is still hope in humanity. All we need is comforting from the wicked world and we can become better people. We have the qualities that make for decent citizens, we just no longer show them. Wordsworth, however, shows no sympathy nor hope for humanity. He states â€Å"Oh! Raise us up, return to us again; and give us manners, virtue, freedom, power† (Wordsworth line 8). This suggests that Wordsworth has lost all hope in humanity and believes that the qualities that make for decent people are lost. People need someone to show them the qualities that make for good people, they need to be shown. Although both speakers believe that humanity is cruel and abominable, the way they perceive the solution is obviously much different. With the devices used throughout both poems, it is apparent that society needs to change in order to become better. The way things are is absolutely horrendous and by no means is it suitable for living in. Although both poems express similar ideals, the state of mind of the speaker is clearly much different, and the way to go about fixing society is also much different. Because the devices and tone used throughout both poems was  different, it in turn made their works of literature truly a one-of-a-kind.

Janie and Contemporary Women in Zora Neale Hurston’s...

The character Janie in Zora Neale Hurston’s novel Their Eyes Were Watching God is portrayed as a woman who has a modern mindset that is much too advanced for her thinking. Janie does things that raise much controversy with the community and endures situations that would be deemed inhumane in today’s society. Examining the abuse, oppression and criticism Janie undergoes in Zora Neale Hurstons Their Eyes Were Watching God from both a contemporary womans viewpoint and an early twentieth century womans viewpoint reveals differences, as well as similarities in the way people respond to events. The response to abuse has metamorphosed drastically from Janie’s time to present day. During the days of the early 20th century in which the novel†¦show more content†¦She is forced to do things that she does not want to and is denied inclusion in activities that would make her happy. This oppression starts in her teenage years when Nanny forces Janie to get married because she is afraid for Janie’s well-being after she dies. Then the years she spends with Joe are years of oppression and self-denial. He forces her to tie up her hair because of his jealousy and insecurity, he denies her the opportunity to interact with the town, and he forces her to keep all of her thoughts to herself. Later after Joe dies she is finally free to do as she pleases, and Tea Cake happens to be the only person who can help her because without him she would still be oppressed by the judgmental eye of society. Janie did not get to experience many things a young lady today would experience. She was denied the opportunity to date and search for love and she was denied rights that all women should have. Janie is judged harshly by the women of Eatonville for pursuing her horizon and running away with Tea Cake. An aspect in the novel that is still very prevalent today is the portrayal of society’s criticism; although the world has advanced much over the y ears, society remains as judgmental as in past times. Janie does many things today that would not be considered outrageous; however, during that time it was scandalous. One thing remains the same; when something is seen as wrong a person will be judged harshly for performingShow MoreRelated Zora Neale Hurston - Celebrating the Culture of Black Americans2152 Words   |  9 PagesZora Neale Hurston - Celebrating the Culture of Black Americans In her life and in her writings, Zora Neale Hurston, with the South and its traditions as her backdrop, celebrated the culture of black Americans, Negro love and pride with a feminine perspective that was uncommon and untapped in her time. 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